feat: Allow detection of MITM HTTPS proxies like ZScaler (#30174)

* feat: Allow detection of MITM HTTPS proxies like ZScaler

For security purposes, Figma heavily restrics the origins that are
allowed to load within our Electron app. Unfortunately some corporate
environments use MITM proxies like ZScaler, which intercepts our
connection to `https://www.figma.com` and serves a redirect to e.g.
`https://gateway.zscloud.net` before finally redirecting back to
`https://www.figma.com`.

In order to detect this situation and handle it gracefully, we need to
be able to know whether or not the certificate for our own origin
(`https://www.figma.com`) is chained to a known root. We do this by
exposesing `CertVerifyResult::is_issued_by_known_root`.

If the certification verification passed without the certificate being
tied to a known root, we can safely assume that we are dealing with a
MITM proxy that has its root CA installed locally on the machine. This
means that HTTPS can't be trusted so we might as well make life easier
for corporate users by loosening our origin restrictions without any
manual steps.

* Tweak docs wording

docs/api/session.md

@@ -443,7 +443,8 @@ the original network configuration.
     * `hostname` String
     * `certificate` [Certificate](structures/certificate.md)
     * `validatedCertificate` [Certificate](structures/certificate.md)
-    * `verificationResult` String - Verification result from chromium.
+    * `isIssuedByKnownRoot` Boolean - `true` if Chromium recognises the root CA as a standard root. If it isn't then it's probably the case that this certificate was generated by a MITM proxy whose root has been installed locally (for example, by a corporate proxy). This should not be trusted if the `verificationResult` is not `OK`.
+    * `verificationResult` String - `OK` if the certificate is trusted, otherwise an error like `CERT_REVOKED`.
     * `errorCode` Integer - Error code.
   * `callback` Function
     * `verificationResult` Integer - Value can be one of certificate error codes

shell/browser/net/cert_verifier_client.cc

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ void CertVerifierClient::Verify(
   params.error_code = default_error;
   params.certificate = certificate;
   params.validated_certificate = default_result.verified_cert;
+  params.is_issued_by_known_root = default_result.is_issued_by_known_root;
   cert_verify_proc_.Run(
       params,
       base::BindOnce(

shell/browser/net/cert_verifier_client.h

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ struct VerifyRequestParams {
   int error_code;
   scoped_refptr<net::X509Certificate> certificate;
   scoped_refptr<net::X509Certificate> validated_certificate;
+  bool is_issued_by_known_root;
 
   VerifyRequestParams();
   VerifyRequestParams(const VerifyRequestParams&);

shell/common/gin_converters/net_converter.cc

@@ -368,6 +368,7 @@ v8::Local<v8::Value> Converter<electron::VerifyRequestParams>::ToV8(
   dict.Set("hostname", val.hostname);
   dict.Set("certificate", val.certificate);
   dict.Set("validatedCertificate", val.validated_certificate);
+  dict.Set("isIssuedByKnownRoot", val.is_issued_by_known_root);
   dict.Set("verificationResult", val.default_result);
   dict.Set("errorCode", val.error_code);
   return ConvertToV8(isolate, dict);

spec-main/api-session-spec.ts

@@ -577,7 +577,7 @@ describe('session module', () => {
     it('rejects the request when the callback is called with -2', async () => {
       const ses = session.fromPartition(`${Math.random()}`);
       let validate: () => void;
-      ses.setCertificateVerifyProc(({ hostname, certificate, verificationResult }, callback) => {
+      ses.setCertificateVerifyProc(({ hostname, certificate, verificationResult, isIssuedByKnownRoot }, callback) => {
         validate = () => {
           expect(hostname).to.equal('127.0.0.1');
           expect(certificate.issuerName).to.equal('Intermediate CA');
@@ -590,6 +590,7 @@ describe('session module', () => {
           expect(certificate.issuerCert.issuerCert.subject.commonName).to.equal('Root CA');
           expect(certificate.issuerCert.issuerCert.issuerCert).to.equal(undefined);
           expect(verificationResult).to.be.oneOf(['net::ERR_CERT_AUTHORITY_INVALID', 'net::ERR_CERT_COMMON_NAME_INVALID']);
+          expect(isIssuedByKnownRoot).to.be.false();
         };
         callback(-2);
       });